【懷孕期間可以飲咖啡因飲品嗎？】- 營養生Negimen

【懷孕期間可以飲咖啡因飲品嗎？】大部份人都聽過懷孕時不應飲用含有咖啡因的飲品，避免增加流產或小產風險。市面上亦有一些脫咖啡因(decaffeinated)的飲品，那麼孕婦可以飲用含因或脫因飲品嘛？

答案是盡可能減少。咖啡因容易刺激孕婦血壓或心跳增加，亦會造成胃部不適。即使是脫因咖啡，平均每340ml亦有大約2-5mg咖啡因。不論含因或脫因咖啡，都含有咖啡酸和綠原酸等等活性成份，有機會影響女性荷爾蒙的代謝機制和雌激素水平，同樣增加流產風險。

另外，女性懷孕後體內對咖啡因的代謝逐漸減慢；咖啡因亦隨胎盤傳到嬰兒體內，但因嬰兒身體未發育完全，未有能力分解咖啡物質；而有不少研究指出咖啡影響嬰兒發育，甚至增加嬰兒日後過重的機會。

雖然美國婦產科醫學會(ACOG)建議孕婦每日飲少於200mg咖啡因飲品，但因各品牌使用之咖啡豆或含因產品如茶、朱古力來源不一，大家難以自行計算咖啡因攝取量，因此不建議孕婦飲用任何含因飲品或脫因咖啡。

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【Is caffeinated drinks suitable during pregnancy ?】Many people have heard that caffeinated drinks should not be drunk during pregnancy to reduce the risk of abortion or miscarriage. We also find some decaffeinated drinks in the market, so can pregnant women have caffeinated or decaffeinated drinks?

The answer is to reduce as much as possible. Caffeine easily raises the blood pressure and heart rate, and causes stomach discomfort. On average, 340ml decaffeinated coffee still contains 2-5mg of caffeine. Both decaffeinated or caffeinated coffee naturally consists of lots of active compounds such as chlorogenic acids or caffeic acids. They may influence the sex hormone metabolism and estrogen level, increasing the risk of abortion.

Besides, the maternal caffeine metabolism is slowed down while some caffeine is passed to the fetus via placenta, but cannot be metabolised. Caffeine consumption during pregnancy may also affect its growth development, or even increase the risk of obesity.

Although ACOG suggests pregnant women should take less than 200mg caffeine per day, the source of coffee bean, or other caffeinated products is varied among different brands. It is hard to monitor the total caffeine intake on your own, and thus both caffeinated and decaffeinated drinks are not recommended to pregnant women.

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